Which of the following conditions can lead to hypoglycemia?

Hypoglycemia occurs when blood glucose levels drop below normal. Excess insulin administration is a well-known cause of hypoglycemia because insulin facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells, ultimately reducing blood sugar levels. When someone receives more insulin than their body requires—especially in relation to their food intake or exercise levels—blood glucose can decrease significantly, leading to symptoms of hypoglycemia.

In contrast, high carbohydrate intake typically raises blood sugar levels, while dehydration and excessive caloric intake can affect overall metabolism and energy levels but do not lead directly to a state of hypoglycemia. Therefore, the correct association with hypoglycemia clearly aligns with the administration of excess insulin.